Historically, tourism has been important to the city of Statesboro, reflected by a police patch for the Statesboro police department in the early 20th Century, reading “The Tourist City. Situated at the intersection of Highways 80 and 301, tourism was booming in Statesboro before the construction of Interstate 95. However, tourism has waned over the years as regional development turned attention to other places in South Georgia. Now with incoming regional economic development and projected population growth, Statesboro can rebrand itself and once again emerge as a place of tourism in the area.
There are many ways to generate fractals, such as nonlinear dynamical systems in continuous time (at least 3 rd order) or its discrete analogue known as an iterative map. The latter one is coined as the chaos game, where a sequence of points is created by using a polygon and an initial random point inside the polygon to recursively generate a new point that is sitting at a fixed proportional distance from the previous point and a randomly selected vertex of the polygon. With an appropriate proportional parameter and many iterations, this process generates a fractal shape. In this work, we present algorithms for generating fractals inside an arbitrary regular polygon, inside a polyhedron, and even a polychoron based on restricted vertex replacement for fast fractal generation. In the case of polychoron fractals, we project the fractals onto the 3D space to visualize geometric features. We further extend this idea to projections of fractals onto a surface such as a sphere.
The fourth industrial revolution has transformed manufacturing through cyber-physical technology. This system would allow for enhanced communication and quality in manufacturing environments. A key component of Industry 4.0 is the Internet of Things, which integrates sensors and software with networking capabilities. Despite its effectiveness, many manufacturing devices lack IoT capabilities. This paper proposes a low cost IoT system using a Raspberry Pi to read, analyze, and process sensor data with custom code. Visual programming software is used to display both sensor data and manually entered data, requiring operator judgment. The system's architecture and user interface are presented, demonstrating its potential in manufacturing environments. Potential expansions and further applications are also discussed, highlighting opportunities for innovation and improvement.
The rapid integration of photovoltaic systems into the power grid has become more prevalent, necessitating enhancement for reliable and effective power quality (PQ) control. However, the nonlinear characteristics of the power electronic components (PECs) introduce significant PQ and reliability issues. To mitigate these challenges, this paper proposes a novel PEC controller for shunt active power filters (SAPF) to improve PQ and facilitate the seamless integration of renewables into Georgia power grid. The proposed controller utilizes only two levels of discrete low-pass filters to effectively extracts the fundamental frequency dc component from distorted and unbalanced load currents. The controller achieves faster dynamic performance of less than a quarter-cycle delay, in compliance with IEEE 512 standards. The proposed controller is validated against the well-known synchronous reference frame controller. Also, reliability analysis of the PV’s PEC components is conducted to identify the most reliable and efficient model for assessing the PEC’s reliability.
Lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) performance is heavily influenced by their electrodes' properties, which dictate charge transport, energy storage, and overall efficiency. This study explores dry spray deposition as a solvent-free method for applying MXene coatings to additively manufactured LiB electrodes. By eliminating binders and solvents and structural optimization through additive manufacturing (AM), this approach aims to create a uniform, conductive layer while preserving electrode porosity and reducing processing time. At the submicron to micron scale, van der Waals forces strongly affect particle mixing, impacting the uniformity and deposition quality of MXene coatings. Electrochemical performance is assessed using open circuit voltage (OCV), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to evaluate charge storage and interfacial resistance. By integrating structural optimization through AM with experimental validation, this study advances the understanding of dry powder mixing and highlights MXene coatings' potential for improving LiB electrodes through scalable, solvent-free manufacturing.
This poster will highlight African American history in and around Andersonville, Georgia. African American history begins with the enslaved individuals- and enslaved Black Union soldiers- who built and worked in the Civil War POW camp. After emancipation, a community of Freedmen were given the property and moved in to the abandoned structures of the POW camp, including a hospital. This community went on to establish a Freedmen's school before being forced out by a white mob. Americus and Leesburg are areas steeped in history from the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s. The poster highlights the Americus Four- the four first Black students to integrate Americus high school-, the Leesburg Stockade Girls, and the Church Kneel-Ins.
Akashiwo sanguinea is a microalgae that is known to cause red tides or algal blooms that release harmful chemicals into the environment, and Ulva is a genus of green algae that is known to have allelopathic or nullifying effects on these harmful chemicals being released into the environment. The intended experiment focuses on the possible use of Ulva as a nullifying agent to the chemical toxicity of Akashiwo in the presence and absence of live oysters while also observing individual activity in isolated environments. This literature review and meta analysis will be observing previous research that has observed this relationship, with the intention of application in isolated mason jar environments that simulate their native habitat. It is expected that there will be a significant decrease in Akashiwo growth as well as sustained oyster viability in the treatments where they are in the same habitat as the Ulva algae.
This research was undertaken with a study abroad fieldwork in Cox's Bazar District of Bangladesh. The study area is highly susceptible to natural disasters due to its geography, climate, and dense population, including a large refugee population that fled persecution from Myanmar. The research employs mixed methods that integrate Geospatial field data collected using Survey 123 application, field observations, and local information gathered through fieldwork in January 2025. The key findings reveal a serious environmental degradation on local landscapes exacerbating the frequency and severity of landslides and flooding events in the region. These disasters disproportionately affect marginalized communities, often leading to displacement, loss of livelihoods, and increased vulnerability that challenge resilience in the region. These insights highlight the urgency for sustainable ecosystem management and adopt inclusive disaster management to reduce social and environmental vulnerabilities and impacts associated with landslides and flooding in Bangladesh’s one of the most climate sensitive regions
Naphthoquinone compounds are investigated as potential anti-cancer agents due to their ability to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and bind to DNA, mechanisms associated with cancer progression. In this study, we tested a series of 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives in a human breast cancer (BT5) cell line. BT5 cells exhibit elevated LAT1 transporter expression, linked to cancer cells' altered nutrient needs. Two compounds were conjugated to the amino acid tyrosine, an LAT1 substrate, to facilitate selective drug uptake. Cell viability was assessed 48 hours post-treatment using an MTS assay, and IC50 values were calculated to determine potency. Results showed a significant reduction in cell viability in treated groups, consistent with cytotoxic effects reported in other cancer cell lines. These findings highlight the anti-cancer potential of naphthoquinones, particularly in targeting LAT1-mediated drug uptake, and pave the way for future studies on their molecular mechanisms.
Naphthoquinone compounds are one of several core chemical structures that have been investigated as effective cancer therapeutics. A problem with existing drugs is nonspecific targeting of healthy cells. One of the hallmarks of most cancer cells is increased expression of the L-type amino acid transporter (LAT1) to fulfill abnormal nutrition needs. To capitalize on these molecular changes, we developed a panel of naphthoquinone compounds, including LAT-1 derivatives, and examined their potency and specificity in various cell lines. Several naphthoquinone compounds tested, including LAT-1 modified structure synthesized by our group, showed significant impact on cell viability in prostate, breast, and lung cancer lines. Moreover, when tested in non-cancerous HEK293 with low expression of LAT1, the potency was significantly less, suggesting it exhibited specific targeting of cancer cells. We are generating IC50 values and evaluating the specificity of the drug candidates. Future studies will investigate their potential signaling pathways and molecular targets.
The pulp and paper industry is a major contributor to industrial wastewater discharge, necessitating advanced treatment strategies to ensure environmental compliance. This study investigates the application of computational intelligence (CI) models for predicting wastewater treatment performance using real-world operational data. Five CI models—decision trees (DT), random forests (RF), genetic programming (GP), artificial neural networks (ANN), and support vector machines (SVM)—were evaluated for accuracy and reliability. Among them, SVM demonstrated superior predictive performance, effectively capturing complex nonlinear relationships in wastewater treatment processes. The results highlight the potential of CI models to transform industrial data into actionable insights, optimizing treatment efficiency and enabling sustainable water reuse. This research provides a systematic framework for integrating CI techniques into pulp and paper mill wastewater treatment, paving the way for data-driven decision-making and enhanced regulatory compliance.
Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide, with nearly 10 million deaths recorded just in 2022. Over the years, significant progress has been made in developing therapies to control cancer cell replication and find effective treatments. However, the unique behaviors of cancer cells, such as uncontrolled growth, immune evasion, and others, make treatment challenging. Additionally, therapies like chemotherapy, radiation, and immunotherapy can damage healthy cells, leading to various side effects. The L-type amino acid transporter (LAT1) is a protein responsible for transporting large, hydrophobic amino acids and is highly expressed in cancer cell tissues. It has been extensively investigated as a potential carrier for delivering drugs across biological barriers and selectively targeting cancer cells over healthy cells. Acridines, which are recognized as promising moieties for anticancer agents, are well known for their potential as antitumor agents. Studies have also shown that 1,2,3-triazole scaffolds can enhance the efficacy of a biologically active unit. In this work we are using 1,2,3-triazoles as molecular linkers in the synthesis of acridine-amino acid drug assemblies with the goal of achieving LAT1-mediated drug uptake. Current efforts in our synthetic approach to these assemblies will be presented.
Anticancer potential of naphthoquinone derivatives against PC3 cells, reduces cell viability, interrupts cell cycles, and activates apoptotic pathways. L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) overexpressed in cancer cells, transports amino acids into cancerous cells including PC3. Transfer of amino acids via LAT1 activates the mTOR signaling pathway, which controls cell growth and survival in cancerous cells. Inhibiting LAT1 will lower mTOR activity that disrupts a critical pathway for cancer cell proliferation and survival. Anti-neoplastic effects of 11 synthesized compounds were investigated in vitro. PC3 cells were treated, and cell viability was measured using the MTS assay. Cell growth, confluency and cell counts were monitored. Cell viability was reduced in 9 compounds between 26-30%, indicating their cytotoxic effects. HEK293 cells were tested and showed a preference in targeting and killing cancer cells with low adverse effects on healthy cells. Compounds with reduced cell viability in PC3 and increase cell viability in HEK293 have a significant potential as anti-cancer drugs for prostate cancer.
This study examines the impact of community-engaged water and health education activities on risk perception and cancer screening intentions among private well users. With an estimated 1.7 million Georgians relying on unregulated private wells, environmental contaminants such as radon, arsenic, and nitrate pose potential health risks that are often overlooked in cancer prevention efforts. Traditional screening initiatives emphasize behavioral and demographic risk factors but fail to incorporate environmental exposures that may contribute to cancer risk. Given the disparities in cancer screening rates in rural Georgia, where well water reliance is high, this research aims to bridge the gap between environmental risk communication and preventive health behaviors. It is expected that increased awareness of water quality hazards will enhance risk perception and encourage screening participation. Findings from this study have the potential to inform targeted interventions that integrate environmental health education into cancer prevention frameworks, fostering more comprehensive public health strategies.
The study investigates vitamin C’s impact on Vero cells, a kidney cell line from green monkey, commonly used in vaccine production. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is essential for collagen biosynthesis, hydroxylation reactions and free radical scavenging, but humans must obtain it through diet due to inactive gluconolactone oxidase (GULO) gene. Vero cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (DMEM) to examine Vitamin C’s effect on cell attachment and growth. A 10mM of vitamin C stock solution was prepared and MTT assays were conducted to assess cell viability. Preliminary results indicate that Vitamin C significantly inhibits vero cell growth with a notable reduction in proliferation evident at 24 hours and sustained throughout the treatment period. These finding suggest that vitamin C plays a critical role in modulating cellular processes related to immune function and disease prevention.
Additive manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing of metallic parts is rapidly growing among the various parts and components which are being fabricated in various industries. One of the major challenges of wide adoption of this technology is the quality and integrity of the produced parts. Material testing and characterization based on developed codes and standards are commonly used to investigate the final properties of the parts. Among the various methodologies for material testing, nondestructive testing (NDT) provides the advantage of noninvasive investigations. NDT using ultrasonic waves (called ultrasonic testing (UT)) has been used in different modes for this purpose. The major parameter in UT is how the ultrasonic waves are propagating through the material which has a direct relation to the materials properties such as density and elasticity. Since it has been proved that changes in AM process parameters cause variations in material properties of the parts, it is assumed that the ultrasonic wave propagation must be influenced as well. The goal of this project is to investigate and quantify the influence of AM process parameters on variation of ultrasonic wave propagation and provide an interpretation of its effect on application of NDT for AM quality inspection and control. for AM quality inspection and control.
This mixed-methods study examines how athletes manage their self-presentation on Instagram. The study combines a qualitative analysis of former NFL player Taylor Lewan’s Instagram feed with a quantitative content analysis of the social media pages of 64 athletes representing 17 different sports. Quantitative data was collected by students in the spring 2024 SOCI 4338 Sport, Culture, and Society class using a shared codebook to classify social media posts made on Instagram between April 2023 through March 2024. Codes included: sport, advertising, family, advocacy, leisure, fashion, and others. The research reported here examines the relationship between the gender of an athlete and their posts and the relationship between the type of sport and the content of their Instagram posts. Quantitative analysis tests two hypotheses: 1) male athletes will have more advertising posts than female athletes, and 2) athletes in strength sports will have more sports-related posts.
nmalcom@georgiasouthern.edu, Waters College of Public Health
She's not my ideal: Mixed messages about CrossFit womenSocial media is replacing traditional print media (Bell & Dittmar, 2011). Social media offers immediate news, allows space for people to interact, enables individuals to be generators and recipients of content, and provides a... Read More →
This research focuses on transforming an electric vehicle into an autonomous development platform by integrating hardware and software solutions. The system is built using ROS 2, providing a modular and scalable framework for autonomous functionalities. An NVIDIA Jetson Orin serves as the primary onboard computing unit, enabling real-time perception and decision-making. The perception stack is enhanced with an Ouster OS0 LiDAR and a radar sensor, providing robust environmental awareness in dynamic scenarios. The platform will serve as a foundation for research in autonomous navigation, sensor fusion, and the advancement of ADAS features, including pedestrian detection, lane-keeping assistance, and collision avoidance.
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) present significant water contamination challenges due to their environmental persistence and health implications. This study evaluates the sustainability of granular activated carbon (GAC) and ion exchange (IX) remediation technologies through comprehensive cost and environmental impact assessments. System size emerges as a critical factor influencing sustainability outcomes through economies of scale and environmental trade-offs. Current cost estimation models like the EPA's Work Breakdown Structure approach lack sufficient uncertainty and sensitivity analyses, limiting their applicability across variable conditions. Our findings demonstrate that integrating life cycle assessment (LCA) with techno-economic analysis (TEA) provides more robust decision-making tools for PFAS treatment selection. The research addresses regulatory frameworks across jurisdictions, treatment media variability, and operational considerations. These insights enable water utilities, policymakers, and researchers to optimize PFAS remediation strategies by balancing economic constraints with environmental objectives, advancing more sustainable water treatment approaches.
Drug abuse in America affects rural areas with low economic and social resources, such as Georgia’s shrimping communities. Shrimpers have felt pressures from high gas prices, low shrimp costs, and an aging workforce for a decade. Now local drug use rates add to their stress. Job hardships like long hours, strenuous labor, and unpredictable hours, combined with lack of economic advancement and loss of social structures, make the industry prone to drug use. This project uses oral histories from Georgia shrimpers to address how drug use impacts the industry, which drugs are used, and why some shrimpers turned to drugs.
The Schreger pattern is a microstructural feature unique to proboscidean dentin. Previous studies have attempted to use characteristics of the Schreger pattern (qualitative descriptions and the angle made by intersecting Schreger lines) to distinguish among proboscidean species, with varying degrees of success. In Columbian mammoths (Mammuthus columbi), for example, the Schreger angle tends to be acute and the pattern resembles a “V,” but in American mastodons (Mammut americanum) the Schreger angle tends to be obtuse and the pattern resembles an “X” or a checkerboard. The aim of this project is to qualitatively and quantitatively describe the Schreger pattern in tusks of Pacific mastodons (Mammut pacificus). The Pacific mastodon, recognized as distinct from its contemporary American mastodon (Mammut americanum) in 2019, is currently known from the Irvingtonian and Rancholabrean of western North America. It is expected that Schreger pattern characteristics are shared between M. pacificus and M. americanum, but no published data supports this hypothesis. The Grizzly Ridge mastodon, housed in the Western Science Center (Hemet, CA), is an Irvingtonian-aged Pacific mastodon discovered near San Francisco, CA. A 3-cm thick transverse cross section of the tusk, with a major diameter of 14.5 cm and a minor diameter of 13.5 cm, was removed for analysis of the Schreger pattern. The section includes the cementum-dentin junction (CDJ) and the pulp cavity. Four thin sections will be made from the transverse section of the tusk at increasing distances from the tusk exterior (CDJ) so that any variation in Schreger pattern from the CDJ to the pulp cavity will be captured. Characteristics of the Schreger pattern will be compared to data from the literature to assess whether there is qualitative or quantitative overlap between Pacific and American mastodons and/or between Pacific mastodons and Columbian mammoths (Mammuthus columbi) to determine if Schreger patterns may be used to distinguish among these contemporary proboscidean species. If little to no overlap exists between Pacific mastodons and Columbian mammoths, then the Schreger pattern may aid in species identification for fossil assemblages containing both species, a common occurrence in the Pleistocene of North America.
In this work the use of a tung oil-based resin as a binder for binder jet 3D printing is investigated, exploring the potential for an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic binders. The resin formulation was prepared by combining tung oil, n-butyl methacrylate, divinylbenzene, and di-tert butyl peroxide in precise proportions. 13 different sands were evaluated as the printing material.
Compression tests and ultrasonic analysis were used to analyze mechanical properties and determine the integrity of the materials. With peak compressive strengths of 7.2 MPa, the resin showed excellent adherence. After 225 minutes of heating the resin, the optimal range of 10–14 cP for the viscosity was achieved, and storage trials demonstrated improved stability in a freezer.
This research establishes that tung oil-based resin is promising for binder jet 3D printing applications. Its ability to form composites with different sands, along with sustainability and optimization, develops solutions for additive manufacturing.
Corals are vital ecosystem engineers, supporting marine biodiversity. With over 60% of corals at risk, increasing maritime traffic poses significant threats. Assessment of the spatial relationship between cold-water coral reefs and maritime infrastructure along the U.S. East Coast and Gulf of Mexico will be conducted using GIS. It will map coral reef locations, shipping lanes, and port centers. Buffer and hotspot analyses will be utilized to identify regions most at risk of maritime activity by showing low, medium, and immediate risk areas. The research will provide critical data on the geospatial correlation between cold-water corals and maritime infrastructure, supporting conservation strategies and sustainable development. Previous studies have shown negative effects of shipping on tropical coral reefs, but limited research exists on cold-water corals along the U.S. coastline. It is hypothesized that areas with high shipping activity and proximity to ports will exhibit the greatest risk of degradation.
The aviation industry seeks sustainable fuel alternatives to reduce carbon emissions and environmental impact. This study investigates the combustion characteristics of Hydro-processed Esters and Fatty Acids (HEFA) compared to conventional Jet-A, evaluating its feasibility as an eco-friendly alternative. Fuel properties including freezing point, density, viscosity, and calorific value were analyzed using standardized methods. HEFA exhibits a lower heating value of 40.18 MJ/kg which is slightly lower than Jet-A. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that HEFA has higher volatility and a reduced secondary endothermic reaction. Constant Volume Combustion Chamber (CVCC) testing showed that HEFA has a shorter ignition delay (2.932 ms) and combustion delay (4.275 ms) than Jet-A (3.18ms and 4.829 ms respectively). It was also found that HEFA has a higher derived cetane number (DCN) than Jet-A at 55.8 compared to 49.47, indicating improved autoignition properties. These results highlight HEFA’s potential as a drop in sustainable aviation fuel for conventional Jet-A.
Temperature is a critical environmental factor that influences the distribution and abundance of aquatic organisms. The response of striped bass (Morone saxatilis) to changes in water temperature has been well documented for populations north of the Carolinas, showing fish partaking in seasonal coastal migrations to stay within their preferred temperature range. However, populations in the Southeastern United States are non-migratory, instead remaining in rivers and estuaries with limited options for thermal refuge as water temperatures continue to rise due to climate change. Previous studies have shown physiological performance is negatively affected by temperature. As performance is tightly connected to cardiorespiratory fitness, my study aims to investigate the effect of temperature on the membrane fragility of the red blood cells by performing an osmotic fragility test on blood collected from fish acclimated to three temperatures (20, 25, and 30℃). Data is currently being collected and analyzed to determine results.
This study aims to investigate perceptions of police emotionality and credibility. A total of 132 undergraduate psychology students participated in an online experiment via Qualtrics. Participants read three vignettes depicting interpersonal conflicts, including one involving a police officer. The officer’s race (Black or White) and gender (male or female) were manipulated. After each vignette, participants rated individuals on emotionality and credibility. Then, they completed the Ten-Item Personality Inventory and a demographic questionnaire. Agreeableness significantly predicted lower police credibility ratings, while openness trended negatively. Other personality traits (conscientiousness, extraversion, emotional stability) showed no effects. Findings highlight the role of personality in shaping perceptions of law enforcement. These findings suggest that personality influences how individuals perceive police credibility, potentially shaping attitudes toward law enforcement. Understanding these biases may help inform police-community relations and public trust in officers.
Ferritin and transferrin are the two proteins that control iron metabolism. If all their binding sites are occupied, excess iron circulates in the bloodstream. This iron overloaded state leads to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress. Free iron can be removed from the body by iron chelation therapy, which involves adding a molecule that chelates iron. Today, there are several iron chelators on the market but many are expensive and painful to administer. Our laboratory seeks new iron chelators. Curcumin, the active ingredient in turmeric, has numerous biochemical properties serving as an antioxidant, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, and metal chelation compound. The purpose of this research is to determine if curcumin is a viable candidate for iron chelation therapy. Results will be presented to demonstrate curcumin’s ability to remove iron from ferritin and transferrin, along with its ability to remove free iron within a solution.
This literature review examines how U.S. mental health research and treatment rely on Western, Eurocentric methods that have marginalized American Indian/Alaska Native communities (Thambinathan and Kinsella, 2021). Datta (2018, p. 2) describes decolonization as, “an on-going process of becoming, unlearning, and relearning regarding who we are as a researcher and educator, and taking responsibilities for participants”. Decolonization theory recenters Indigenous epistemologies, grants Native people authority over cultural protocol versus academic protocol, and gives them ownership over this knowledge with the ability to use it to benefit their community. Decolonization encourages acceptance of practice-based evidence, alongside participatory action research, instead of relying only on evidence-based practices. (Datta, 2018; Friesen et al., 2011). This allows the development and funding of culturally responsive methods, and frameworks. Cultural competency and humility among non-Native researchers are crucial for successful collaborations that lead to understanding and eventual change.
References Datta, R. (2018). Decolonizing both researcher and research and its effectiveness in Indigenous research. Research Ethics, 14(2), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747016117733296
Friesen, B. J., Cross, T. L., Jivanjee, P. R., Gowen, L. K., Bandurraga, A., Bastomski, S., Matthew, C., & Maher, N. J. (2011). More than a nice thing to do: A practice-based evidence approach to outcome evaluation in native youth and family programs.
Privacy policies are often lengthy and complex, making them difficult for non-experts to read and understand, leading to a lack of transparency in data collection and sharing. As online privacy concerns grow, automated tools are needed to analyze these policies and identify risks. This study explores interactive graph visualizations to enhance user understanding by structuring policy terms as graphs, making complex relationships more accessible (RQ1). We apply machine learning and graph mining techniques to uncover key themes like User Activity, Device Information, and Media & Location (RQ2). Our findings show that graph-based clustering improves policy interpretability, revealing patterns in user tracking, device data sharing, and third-party disclosures. This research helps create tools for checking privacy policies by combining graph-based clustering, semantic analysis, and interactive visualizations to spot misleading practices, improve compliance with regulations, and support legal investigations, ultimately strengthening accountability in data management.
Additive manufacturing has allowed the deployment of novel construction materials impractical or impossible to use with previous manufacturing technologies, such as biomaterials, which creates the potential for printing both animal and human organs. For high-precision, high-risk applications such as bioprinting organ material, quantifying and verifying the quality and structural integrity of a printed specimen is both extremely important, and extremely challenging. This research project is meant to develop an open-source, reproduceable 3D Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) printer for use with biological ink hydrogel printing materials fit for use in constructing specimens and allowing them to be excited for video vibrometry, a process of analyzing characteristic vibratory frequency response data computed from video footage, without needing to move printed specimens to a discrete apparatus. The printer must be capable of supporting the specimen while it is excited in-place, where it was printed, while allowing a high-speed camera to clearly see the specimen on the build-plate with enough fidelity and a great enough field of view that video vibrometry can be reliably performed.
The goal of this project is to develop novel anticancer therapeutics based on amino acid conjugates with 1,4-naphthoquinones. Specifically, this work seeks to take advantage of the high nutrient needs of cancer cells through the design of drugs that mimic the natural substrates of an amino acid transporter, L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1). LAT1 functions as a mediator for the uptake of crucial amino acids, and its expression is usually up-regulated in cancer cells and with the disease progression. Naphthoquinones are reported to play a crucial role in chemical defenses in plants and in bio-oxidative processes; examples include lapachol, shikonin and juglone which have been utilized traditionally for their diverse pharmacological properties (antimicrobial, anti-parasitic, antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, and anticancer activities). This research has two main objectives, (1) designing and synthesizing amino acid-1,4-naphthoquinone conjugates and analogues of these derivatives, and (2) investigating the anticancer activities of the molecules through a structure-activity relationship study. During this study, tyrosine, a natural LAT1 substrate, is used for the amino acid backbone, and known and novel naphthoquinone-based molecules are synthesized. The synthetic strategy for making the compounds and data on structural characterizations are presented.
This study aims to investigate the impact of an empathetic intervention on pre-service teachers to sideline bias against students diagnosed with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Behaviors typically associated with ADHD, such as inattention and hyperactivity, correspond to two primary categories that teachers identify as disruptive in the classroom (Sun & Shek, 2012). Numerous studies have demonstrated evidence of discrimination in the classroom against students diagnosed with ADHD (Cortnett-Ruiz & Hendricks, 1993; Metzger & Hamilton, 2021). Moreover, teachers frequently report feeling unprepared to support these students and experience increased stress levels (Green et al., 2002; Kirchhoff, 2023). Context-based interventions have successfully sidelined bias by emphasizing professional and situational values over personal beliefs (Okonofua et al., 2022). The present study aims to determine whether the context-based intervention will decrease disciplinary disparities between students with and without an ADHD diagnosis.
Inspection of complex geometries is always a challenge because of their curved shapes, sharp edges, internal cavities, small ridges, and varying thicknesses. Hidden defects in these areas can severely compromise the structural integrity of the products. Conventional UT methods face issues with defect detection because of the probe’s incapability to align with unconventional shapes and beam penetration limitations. Customizing wedges can address some challenges; however, fabricating wedges that precisely match part surfaces is often impractical. At the same time, due to the design inconsistency and rough surface of many industrial components, contact method NDT cannot accurately detect anomalies, which is risky if the product is used in critical areas like bridge joints or compressor parts.
Water is considered a superior medium for transmitting ultrasound waves when the specimen is submerged. This study explores the integration of curvilinear and 3D scanning with immersion ultrasonic testing to enhance defect detection in complex geometries. The curvilinear approach enables precise contour testing, while 3D scanning helps map geometry variations for optimized probe positioning. The results highlight the potential of these advanced scanning techniques in overcoming inspection limitations and improving non-destructive evaluation of complex-shaped parts.
Graduate Research Assistant, Allen E. Paulson College of Engineering and Computing
I am a Mechanical Engineer and Certified SolidWorks Professional specializing in Mold Making, Advanced Surface Design, Mechanical Design, and Sheet Metal applications. Currently, I am pursuing my Master’s in Advanced Engineering within the Manufacturing Engineering Department at... Read More →
Effects of Short-term Candle Burning on Lung Function and Exhaled eNO in a Typical Home Environment among Residents
Authors: Dorothy Seybold, Dalton Crunkelton, Elena Ortez, Megan Nicol, Kenya Watson, Atin Adhikari Ph.D. Background and Objectives: Some chronic respiratory conditions may be exacerbated by particulate matter emitted from burning candles. This study assesses candle usage on lung function and exhaled nitric oxide levels (eNO) in asthmatics and non-asthmatics. Methods: We measured eNO, FVC, and FEV1% before and after typical candle-burning exposure for 60 minutes, using a NIOX Vero eNO monitor and a spirometer. Particulate matter (PM) in the 0.3-10 µm size range was monitored in parallel. Results: Preliminary results indicate different trends for asthmatic and non-asthmatic study participants: Before candle burning: 1) Asthmatics – eNO: 10.5±1.12ppb; FVC: 3.73±0.55L; FEV1: 66.3±13.4L; 1) Non-Asthmatics – eNO: 10.3±6.2ppb; FVC:4.20±1.0L; FEV1: 38.3±10.4L After candle burning: 1) Asthmatics – eNO:9.0±1.9ppb; FVC:3.21±0.5L; FEV1:57.6±13.9L; 1) Non-Asthmatics – eNO: 8.8±3.8ppb; FVC:3.5±1.0L; FEV1:37.2±12.7L. Total mean(±SD) PM concentrations ranged from 6,431,449±8,023179 to 7,652,650±10,118,427/m3. Conclusions: Short-term exposure to burning candles may negatively impact lung function, triggering inflammation in the respiratory tracts differently in asthmatics compared to non-asthmatics.
Obesity and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are major global health challenges, necessitating effective pharmacological interventions. Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, has shown potential for significant weight loss and cardiovascular benefits. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the effectiveness of semaglutide in reducing body weight and improving cardiovascular outcomes by synthesizing evidence from interventional studies. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov will be conducted to identify randomized controlled trials and interventional studies. Primary outcomes include weight reduction, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), glycemic control, and safety. Data will be analyzed using a random-effects model to determine pooled effect estimates. Findings from this study will contribute to understanding semaglutide’s role in obesity and cardiovascular risk management, informing clinical decision-making and future research on its long-term benefits and safety profile.
Salt marsh dieback is an increasing issue impacting coastal ecosystems, with significant consequences for biodiversity and ecosystem services. This study aims to utilize spatiotemporal changes in vegetation indices to monitor dieback overtime and identify a threshold indicating salt marsh dieback along the Georgia coast using historical Landsat imagery from 1985 to 2023. Focusing on three known dieback locations along the Georgia coast: Gray’s Creek, Saint Simons Island, and Point Peter, this research analyzed long-term vegetation trends, assessed the effectiveness of various Vegetation Indices in detecting marsh dieback, and explored spatiotemporal variability to capture the onset, progression, and recovery of dieback. Image preprocessing techniques included comparing images with tide data, subsetting, and masking for clouds and water. Google Earth Engine was utilized for large-scale data processing, while statistical analyses were performed in R. The study identified a threshold at which healthy marshes transition to dieback, enhancing understanding of salt marsh vulnerability and demonstrating the utility of remote sensing for marsh monitoring. This research will have significant implications for the conservation and management of salt marsh ecosystems
The ability to evaluate infrastructures without altering or damaging the structure is becoming increasingly important and useful for infrastructure maintenance. The technique to analyze and test materials for weaknesses without causing destruction is referred to as non-destructive evaluation or testing (NDT&E). Specifically, a common method of this type of inspection is called ground penetrating radar (GPR), which is desired in many construction applications. With the use of electromagnetic energy, GPR has the capability to locate buried objects in materials because of the differences in electrical and magnetic properties that are encountered. Valuable data can be obtained on these subsurface objects, allowing for an understanding on the properties and making proper judgment on the structure possible. This study explores the approaches in which GPR has been implemented for the assessment of the bridge deck in the southeast United States. Through different data acquisition and processing techniques, results show that GPR is very successful in collecting information to verify the state and condition of these materials.
The contamination of aquatic ecosystems with antibiotic residues poses significant risks to human and ecological health. This study explores the modification of alginate using three ionic liquids (ILs) butyl methyl imidazolium (BMIm), hexyl methyl imidazolium (HMIm), and octyl methyl imidazolium (OMIm) to develop IL-alginate composites for fluoroquinolone antibiotic removal from water. ILs, organic salts with tunable physicochemical properties, particularly hydrophobicity, influence interactions with contaminants. Alginate, a biocompatible and cost-effective polysaccharide, is widely used in environmental applications due to its gel-forming ability. IL-alginate composites, synthesized with varying IL ratios and crosslinked using calcium chloride, will be characterized using FTIR, SEM, TGA, and BET analyses to assess chemical composition, surface morphology, thermal stability, and porosity. Adsorption studies under different conditions will evaluate how IL alkyl chain length affects composite hydrophobicity and adsorption efficiency. This research aims to optimize IL-alginate composites for antibiotic removal, providing insights into IL structure-function relationships and advancing sustainable water treatment technologies.
tb30388@georgiasouthern.edu, College of Science and Mathematics
I am Taiwo Bakare-Abidola, a passionate environmental scientist and Ph.D student at Georgia Southern University. My academic journey and professional background span environmental health, water and wastewater treatment, pollution monitoring, and sustainable development. I am especially... Read More →
During my experience in my capstone class, the instructor introduced us to and utilized a different way of running the classroom and learning. In brief, the case method is a way of teaching and learning where students are presented with a case study which is something from real life, to critically think about and discuss it. I think learning in this method is more beneficial than traditional lectures, especially for business students, because we are learning how to bounce ideas off of one another and hear everyone's perspective on a topic. Because there is not necessarily a correct answer for these cases, everyone comes to class with different opinions and different ways of having interpreted the case.
Breast cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. This has led to the continuous search for novel and effective therapeutic agents. Triazoles, a class of five-membered heterocyclic compounds containing three nitrogen atoms, have demonstrated significant anticancer potential due to their ability to inhibit key biological pathways involved in tumor progression. This study investigates the cytotoxic effects of various triazole derivatives on breast cancer cells, assessing their efficacy through in vitro assays. Previous studies suggest that specific triazole derivatives exhibit some anticancer activity, highlighting their potential as therapeutic agents for breast cancer treatment. Further studies are warranted to elucidate their molecular targets and optimize their pharmacological properties.
Construction sites face persistent safety challenges, often resulting in severe injuries or fatalities. In the U.S., these concerns are heightened due to the high volume of construction projects and complex working conditions. This study analyzes 1,963 OSHA-reported construction incidents in the Southeastern U.S. using five Machine Learning (ML) techniques to classify fatal and non-fatal incidents. Random forest and decision trees achieved the highest accuracy, with random forest outperforming all models. Feature importance analysis identified age, height, occupation, and event type as key predictors of injury severity. These findings highlight the potential of ML models in providing predictive insights for proactive safety management. By identifying high-risk factors associated with severe injuries, this research contributes to data-driven safety interventions and policy improvements aimed at reducing incident rates and enhancing targeted risk assessment and preventive strategies on construction sites.
The microbial activity on shopping cart handles fluctuates with seasons and environmental factors, yet this relationship remains underexplored. We hypothesize that seasonal variations in ultraviolet radiation (UV), relative humidity (RH), and temperature (T) significantly influence microbial activity on shopping cart handles, thereby increasing the likelihood of microbial contamination through cross-touching. Methodology: Surface microbial contamination was assessed using adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence assay (n = 10 per test) to quantify microbial activity in Relative Light Units (RLUs/cm2). Ambient T, RH, wind speed (WS), and UV, were measured with a handheld multimeter. Results: The range of microbial activity (RLU/cm2) was 4.95 ± 2.91 in winter and 7.80 ± 3.55 in spring. In winter, UV (mW/cm²) was 1.86 ± 0.96 and 2.08 ± 0.91 in spring. Conclusion: Seasonal variations in the outdoor exposure of shopping carts to T, RH, WS, and UV can significantly influence microbial activity on shopping cart handles.
With the growing use of personal care products like sunscreens, chemical pollutants such as UV blockers are increasingly found in aquatic environments. Compounds like THB (2,3,4-trihydroxybenzophenone) and DHMB (2,2′-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone),), commonly used in sunscreens, have been detected in water, raising environmental concerns. This project aims to develop an eco-friendly method for their removal using alginate beads modified with a deep eutectic solvent (DES) as adsorbents. The alginate-DES composite material was synthesized and characterized for its ability to adsorb THB and DHMB. Adsorption efficiency was evaluated through UV-Vis spectroscopy, optimizing parameters like pH, salinity, and adsorbent dosage. The results showed that the alginate-DES composite effectively removed UV blockers, demonstrating its potential as a green, sustainable solution for water treatment and the removal of chemical pollutants.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has recommended the use of well-fitting masks by the public to enhance source control and mitigate the airborne transmission of viral particles. In recent years, low-cost sensors have been widely studied due to their affordability, compact size, and moderate measurement accuracy. This study examines cost-effective methods for evaluating mask barrier efficacy across different mask types and breathing rates by quantifying the outward leakage of particulate matter within the fine particle size range. 3-ply disposable surgical masks and an N95 Filtering Facepiece Respirator (FFR) were selected. Outward leakage data were collected using a low-cost PM sensor (Alphasense, OPC-N3) and a TSI Portacount Pro (TSI, 8038) as a reference. Preliminary results indicated that both devices effectively measure particle concentrations and detect outward leakage across different mask types, demonstrating their potential for assessing mask performance in real-world settings.
Ocean acidification (OA), driven by rising CO₂, lowers ocean pH and impacts calcifying organisms like the Scleractinian coral Oculina arbuscula. A short pulse of extremely low pH can disrupt skeletal deposition, which can occur in dynamic environments such as estuaries, upwelling zones, and polar waters. The effects of a short-term extreme low-pH pulse on Oculina arbuscula were examined under laboratory conditions by measuring buoyant weight and surface area, comparing three treatments: a brief pH pulse of 6.25 from a pH 7.8, a sustained pH of 7.8, and a control pH of 8.1. A one-way ANOVA test demonstrated no significant effect of pH on the growth of corals exposed to the 6.25 pH pulse (F(2,6) = 1.17, p = 0.37). These results suggest that O. arbuscula may tolerate brief extreme acidification without significant physiological impairment.
During WWI, Black soldiers were drafted at a rate that was proportionally much higher than White soldiers. For those Black soldiers who never got to return home, their memory has almost been wholly erased. Black families were able to remember the ultimate sacrifice their soldiers committed; however, especially in the rural, deep South, only white soldiers who died were commemorated. Using letters written by a mother to her son during WWI, the life of James Bennett comes to fruition in a way that is not possible for most African American Soldiers who died during WWI. However, due to conflicting primary resources, the status of James Bennett has been uncertain concerning race, birthplace, and the circumstances of his death. This poster aims to understand how historical resources provide contexts to modern-day archival mysteries by utilizing the Bennett Family Papers housed in Special Collections at the Zach S. Henderson Library.
Predictive analytics has emerged as a transformative tool across industries, driving innovation and fostering data-driven decision-making. This scoping review explores diverse applications of predictive analytics, machine learning, and deep learning, highlighting their roles in enhancing operational efficiency, market expansion, profitability, and strategic planning. Predictive models such as decision trees, gradient boosting, and hybrid systems like Grey-Markov forecasting demonstrate exceptional precision in forecasting trends and optimizing operations, particularly in uncertain and competitive environments. Applications in smart buildings, business intelligence, and consumer sentiment analysis showcase how real-time data and machine learning enhance energy efficiency, inventory management, and risk mitigation. Deep learning models, including CNN and LSTM, excel in unstructured data analysis, offering high accuracy in predicting consumer behavior and guiding business strategies. Despite challenges such as data privacy and organizational resistance, the integration of advanced analytics methodologies underscores their scalability, adaptability, and transformative potential. This review consolidates key research contributions, illustrating the impact of predictive analytics in driving business growth, refining operational excellence, and achieving sustained competitive advantage in a data-driven landscape.
Heavy metal contamination remains a critical environmental and public health concern due to its enduring presence, bioaccumulation in living organisms, and inherent toxicity. Traditional detection methods often struggle with complex sample preparation, high costs, and lengthy analysis times. In contrast, fluorescence-based sensing offers a promising avenue for rapid, sensitive, and real-time heavy metal monitoring. This study will explore and demonstrate novel applications of fluorescence-based techniques, with a specific focus on developing and implementing GUMBOS sensors and fluorescent sensor arrays to achieve significant improvements in heavy metal detection, discrimination and quantification.
In our rapidly-advancing technological world, little is known about school safety planning in online school settings. We expanded the Crisis Event Perception Survey (CEPS) to the Sustainable, Accessible, Feasible, and Effective (SAFE) Crisis Event Perceptions Survey to assess verbal, physical, relational, and cyberbullying prevalence and administrator preparedness in online school settings. We found that almost half of school administrators assessed were untrained in responding to physical (48%) and relational (43%) bullying and approximately one-third of school administrators surveyed felt unprepared to address physical and/or relational bullying in online schools. Furthermore, we found that only about half of administrators are trained about physical and sexual abuse. These results could be used to inform prevention and intervention methods for various types of bullying and abuse that occur in online school settings. We suggest an integrated, multisystemic approach to address familial, social, school, and community risk factors.
Chemical communication is one of the main forms of communication in squamate reptiles, yet little is known about it in lizards. One way lizards utilize chemical communication is through their femoral pore secretions, and the lipid components have been shown to be highly variable across species. The Florida scrub lizard (Sceloporus woodi) is listed as near-threatened by the IUCN, yet persists in healthy populations within the Ocala National Forest in central Florida. Little research has been done on their chemical communication. During the summer of 2025, I will catch lizards from two habitat types (longleaf pine forests and Florida scrub) and a management area and extract their femoral pore secretions. I will transport the vials to Georgia Southern University and analyse them via gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy. My goal is to determine the lipid composition of the secretions of S. woodi and compare them across habitat types.
The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a widely used diagnostic technique due to its high sensitivity and specificity. However, its reliance on natural enzymes like horseradish peroxidase (HRP) poses limitations, including poor stability under harsh conditions and high production costs. This study explores metallic nanoparticles, including gold (Au), palladium (Pd), and platinum (Pt) nanoparticles, as peroxidase mimics in ELISA systems. Their peroxidase-like activity was evaluated through catalytic oxidation of 3,3', 5,5' tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Then these NPs were integrated into the ELISA platform through conjugating detection antibodies to the NP surface using established bioconjugation techniques. The developed nanozyme-based ELISA exhibited enhanced sensitivity, lower detection limits, and robust performance after prolonged storage, compared to HRP-based ELISA. This approach promises more stable, cost-effective, and accessible diagnostic assays, potentially transforming ELISA applications into clinical diagnostics, point-of-care testing, and resource-limited settings.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition that imposes significant emotional and financial burdens on patients, caregivers, and healthcare systems. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is often a precursor to AD, making early diagnosis crucial for managing dementia and slowing disease progression. However, current diagnostic methods struggle to integrate diverse risk factors, including genetics, age, family history, lifestyle, environment, comorbidities, mental health, and emerging AD biomarkers. This research applies machine learning to combine these heterogeneous factors and predict the progression from MCI to AD. The findings could contribute to earlier interventions and reduce the financial strain of AD on healthcare systems.
Data plays a vital role in research, providing valuable insights that guide decision-making. However, raw data is often messy and unstructured, making it difficult to use effectively. That’s why data preprocessing is an essential step, it helps organize the data, ensuring consistency and improving the performance of machine learning models, even though it can be time-consuming. This project explores how selected features can improve the accuracy of machine learning models. We are using an existing structured dataset from Amazon review and focused on identifying features in the data that can improve predictions. In addition, we will train machine learning models or experiment with automated machine learning (AutoML) tools. Our goal is to build models that not only perform well during training but also make accurate predictions on new data. This study emphasizes the value of selecting the right features to create reliable and effective machine learning models.
The D4N+ will elevate synthesis and biomedical research at Georgia Southern University by supporting a network of chemists, biochemists, biophysicists, and biologists with a shared goal of developing and promoting potential therapeutics. The D4N+ is a hub for highly collaborative research driven by discovery and informed by data towards the design of novel drugs for the benefit of society. It will leverage the current strengths in synthetic organic chemistry, biochemistry, microbiology, and computational chemistry through a network of collaborative investigators and accelerate the transition from “beaker to bench” and ultimately from “bench to bedside.”
Education majors and a University faculty member received funding to create free, open educational mathematics resources for Georgia parents of K-2 students. Undergraduate students deepened their understanding of mathematics standards and created customized tasks aligned with grade-level expectations. These resources were housed in a Georgia Southern Library Guide, accessible to anyone. Since its launch in April 2024, we have analyzed usage trends and identified significant patterns in engagement and resource utilization. Our analysis indicates shifts in user interactions with the Libguide, prompting us to explore the underlying causes. We hypothesize that changes in educational strategies and parental engagement may have influenced user behavior. This raises important questions: What factors contributed to these shifts? How can we improve accessibility and navigation? To address these questions, we propose adding feedback forms and surveys to enhance the Libguide and better support the academic success of K-2 students.
The purpose of this study was to assess factors that affect health status among preschool children in rural Honduras. The majority of people in Honduras (62.8%) live below the poverty line. Previous research has demonstrated the role of household environment and sanitation in the health status of children in rural Honduran communities (Koers, 2009). Challenges in rural Honduras include lack of safe drinking water, low literacy rates, and lack of access to nutritious food (Sanchez et al., 2016). Our research study consisted of secondary analyses of data collected in Spring 2021 in rural Honduras. The majority of participants (89.5%) live in rural areas. Approximately a third of the children (30.8%) are 0-12 months old. Only 11.6% of the Honduran children have indoor toilets. Participants reported 76% of households do not have refrigerators. This study highlights the concerns of health struggles in Honduras.
The performance of water-reducible alkyd paints is significantly influenced by pigment particle size, impacting key properties such as adhesion, sag resistance, and overall appearance. This study focuses on optimizing particle size through controlled pigment milling conditions and evaluating its effect on paint performance. Multiple milling trials were conducted using varied bead loads, container sizes, and blade configurations to achieve a target particle size below 10 microns. The Mastersizer Xplorer was used to analyze particle distribution, while adhesion and sag resistance were assessed using tape tests and ASTM standard sag meters. Results demonstrate that finer particle sizes enhance substrate adhesion and reduce sagging, ultimately improving paint consistency and appearance. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing batch production in industrial coatings.
Cancer focused research continues to attract a lot of attention. Challenges with treating the disease are due in part to cancer cells’ capacity to develop resistance to treatment and to type-specific cellular mechanisms that require focused therapies. A promising target in the development of cancer therapeutics is the L-type amino acids transporter 1 (LAT1). LAT1 is overexpressed in most cancers and plays a crucial role in the uptake of essential amino acids needed for growth and proliferation. In an effort to minimize side effects and circumvent the capacity for cancer cells to develop treatment-resistance, this study aims to exploit LAT1 for the selective delivery of therapeutic agents to cancer cells. This work will synthesize prodrugs integrating 1,4-naphthoquinones with known anticancer properties with LAT1-compatible amino acids such as tyrosine, essentially designing amino acid-naphthoquinone derivatives that mimic LAT1 substrates. This approach holds the potential to improve therapeutic outcomes by leveraging LAT1’s role in amino acid transport to target cancers with greater precision. The presentation will discuss current results in the synthetic approach for making the derivatives and the structural characterization of the compounds.
Paul Hunton is the President of North Carolina Public Radio – WUNC, a National Public Radio member station licensed by the University of North Carolina- Chapel Hill. Mr. Hunton has two decades of experience in the media industry. He is a four-time Emmy-winning documentary director and producer. His film credits include “Through the Repellent Fence, which he produced and was showcased in the Documentary Fortnight series at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City and screened at South by Southwest (SXSW). He directed and co-produced “Between Earth and Sky: Climate Change on the Last Frontier, ” which was featured at the Environmental Film Festival in the Nation’s Capital, the world’s oldest environmental film festival, and broadcast on PBS stations nationwide. He co-created and produced the popular YouTube series “Global Weirding,” hosted by world-renowned climate scientist Katharine Hayhoe, Ph.D. He has over 200,000 followers on TikTok. Hunton has served on the national Board of Directors for PBS, was the Chair of the Board of Directors for Texas PBS, and is a board member of Vision Maker Media, an organization dedicated to empowering and engaging Native people to share their stories. He holds a Bachelor’s degree in Broadcast Production, Film, and Television from Eastern New Mexico University and a Master of Arts in Mass Communication/Media Studies from Texas Tech University.
Controlled chemical gradients can be produced in a microfluidic chamber using a serial split-and-recombine flow approach with two input concentrations. We investigated the formation of a 2D concentration landscape created by a biased Y-mixer, part of a microfluidic gradient generator. Our study focused on flow rates comparable to interstitial flow in tissues to examine cancer cell migration associated with tumor metastasis. We analyzed the concentration profile along (3.5 mm) and across (0.5 mm) the microfluidic gradient chamber using epifluorescence microscopy and fluorescein sodium salt as a concentration marker. We tracked the flow using 3.5-µm diameter polystyrene particles. Our experimental results align with the empirical model needed for designing these microfluidic structures.
This experiment aims to analyze the relationship between gill surface area and oxygen consumption in axolotls under resting conditions. Using intermittent flow respirometry, the rate of oxygen consumption (mgO2/kg/hr) of individual axolotls will be measured to determine their metabolic demands at rest. The gill surface area of each axolotl will be scored based on qualitative analysis of extent of lamellar development and the data will be analyzed to explore how surface area correlates with oxygen consumption. It is hypothesized that axolotls with larger gill surface areas will exhibit higher rates of oxygen consumption due to increased capacity for gas exchange. The results of this study may provide insights into the physiological adaptations of axolotls in relation to respiratory efficiency and metabolic rates.
Aquaporins (AQPs), commonly known as water channels, play integral roles in facilitating the movement of solutes (urea/water) across biological cell membranes. In this study, AQPs in Squalus acanthias was investigated, a species renowned for its unique urea retention abilities. Through a combination of mRNA expression analysis using quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry, the tissue-specific expression patterns were characterized and the subcellular localization of AQP10C1 and AQP10C2. The results revealed distinct roles for these AQPs: AQP10C1 exhibited predominant expression in gill tissue, suggesting its crucial involvement in osmoregulation processes. Conversely, AQP10C2 demonstrated varying expressions in kidney and intestine cells, hinting at its potential contribution to urea transport and homeostasis mechanisms. These findings shed light on the intricate functions of urea transport and homeostasis in marine organisms, thereby advancing our understanding of osmoregulation processes. Furthermore, this research holds promise for elucidating the functions of vertebrate AQPs.
Advancements in chemo- and biosensors are rapidly evolving. With precise glutathione monitoring, sensors offer valuable insights into early diagnosis, treatment assessment, and disease progression. To support undergraduate researchers in exploring focused topics of their choice, the WRAPS (Writing Research Articles as Proficient Scholars) workbook has been introduced. This 15-week workbook, designed for a semester-long course, guides students in conducting literature reviews and writing a peer reviewed article on the latest sensor developments in understanding and managing chronic diseases and conditions (Alzheimer’s; Autism, ADHD). Every chapter focuses on each section of a peer-reviewed article: "Abstract, Keywords, Introduction, Methodology, Results, Discussion, Conclusion and Acknowledgement". Supplementary chapters are also provided (learning new softwares, excel, canva etc). This project helps develop essential broader skills like time management, teamwork, and adaptability as well. Students can build strong foundations in scholarly research and scientific writing while working closely with their mentors to generate peer-reviewed publication.
We conducted a comprehensive analysis of nanoscience-related job postings across various recruitment platforms. Using these job ads, we developed an algorithm to design a job market-driven nanoscience and nanomaterials curriculum at GSU. This curriculum will enable faculty to align their teaching with industry demands, ensuring students gain the skills and knowledge most sought after by employers in nanoscience and physics
Effects of Short-term Candle Burning on Lung Function and Exhaled eNO in a Typical Home Environment among Residents
Authors: Dorothy Seybold, Dalton Crunkelton, Elena Ortez, Megan Nicol, Kenya Watson, Atin Adhikari Ph.D. Background and Objectives: Some chronic respiratory conditions may be exacerbated by particulate matter emitted from burning candles. This study assesses candle usage on lung function and exhaled nitric oxide levels (eNO) in asthmatics and non-asthmatics. Methods: We measured eNO, FVC, and FEV1% before and after typical candle-burning exposure for 60 minutes, using a NIOX Vero eNO monitor and a spirometer. Particulate matter (PM) in the 0.3-10 µm size range was monitored in parallel. Results: Preliminary results indicate different trends for asthmatic and non-asthmatic study participants: Before candle burning: 1) Asthmatics – eNO: 10.5±1.12ppb; FVC: 3.73±0.55L; FEV1: 66.3±13.4L; 1) Non-Asthmatics – eNO: 10.3±6.2ppb; FVC:4.20±1.0L; FEV1: 38.3±10.4L After candle burning: 1) Asthmatics – eNO:9.0±1.9ppb; FVC:3.21±0.5L; FEV1:57.6±13.9L; 1) Non-Asthmatics – eNO: 8.8±3.8ppb; FVC:3.5±1.0L; FEV1:37.2±12.7L. Total mean(±SD) PM concentrations ranged from 6,431,449±8,023179 to 7,652,650±10,118,427/m3. Conclusions: Short-term exposure to burning candles may negatively impact lung function, triggering inflammation in the respiratory tracts differently in asthmatics compared to non-asthmatics.
Dissolved organic matters (DOMs) are prevalent in aquatic systems and generate environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) when exposed to sunlight. Those EPFRs play a pivotal role in biogeochemical cycles and contaminant mitigation. However, this process has never been paired with the treatment and removal of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS or ‘forever chemicals’) in water. This research aims to manipulate the production of EPFRs by biochar (BC) derived DOM, produced from different biomass sources at varying pyrolysis temperatures, under simulated sunlight irradiation. We attempt to link the physicochemical properties (e.g., functional groups) of BC-DOM to their photoreactivity and EPFR production. Additional efforts will be devoted to investigating the transformation efficiency of PFAS by photoproduced EPFRs in water. The findings of this work will provide insights into the critical role of naturally occurring BC-DOM-centered EPFRs in mediating and removing contaminants in the aquatic environment.
Previous studies showed candle burning may contribute to microbial contamination. This study aimed to assess microbial activity around burning synthetic and natural candles in a confined space. Methods: ATP levels, serving as an indicator of microbial activity, were measured using a bioluminescence assay with a luminometer. Measurements were taken at distances of 17, 68, and 125 inches from the burning candles. A one-square-centimeter area of the floor was sampled three times via swabbing, and Relative Light Units (RLU) were recorded. Results: Preliminary findings on microbial activity (RLU/cm²) ranges in the surrounding areas were: (a) before burning: natural candle 15 - 3270; synthetic candle 4 - 60; (b) after burning: natural candle 47 – 1873; synthetic candle 0 – 17. Conclusions: The preliminary results indicate no significant trends in microbial activity on the floor surrounding the two types of burning candles. We expect that future experiments will yield clearer insights.
The Brain Booth is an experiential space to learn about the mind-body connection, reduce stress, optimize learning, and support overall well-being. Mindfulness activities include coloring, origami, puzzles, biofeedback, meditation, board games, and more.
Methodology: A qualitative study was conducted using student feedback on interactions with Brain Booth mindfulness activities, with a research question: What mindfulness practices and activities were considered most helpful to students and why? The study data were collected from student responses at electronic kiosks at the Brain Booth locations.
Results: The findings of the study showed that specific Brain Booth activities were consistently related to helping students relax and de-stress.
Conclusion: Researchers will continue to study student interactions with Brain Booth mindfulness activities, expanding and enhancing activities available to students, with the goal of helping to improve their academic performance and overall well-being.
Cancer therapeutics have wide ranging side effects on healthy cells due to low specificity targeting, resulting in limited treatment compliance. LAT1, an overexpressed transporter in cancer cells, has been investigated and targeted for drug delivery. LAT1 uses the rocking bundle mechanism for transport, and has been utilized as a conduit for drugs that mimic its natural substrates. Quinone derivatives are common anticancer pharmacores due to their mechanistic action with cellular nucleophiles, participation in ROS, and noncovalent interactions with DNA base pairs and topoisomerase enzymes. With the prevalence of LAT1 in cancers, 1,4-naphthoquinone pharmacores are ideal candidates for anti-cancer therapeutics linked to large neutral amino acids to increase preferential discrimination towards cancer cells. In silico studies have allowed for predictive structure analysis in our design of naphthoquinone-tyrosine derivatives.
Mechanically Stabilized Earth (MSE) walls are critical for transportation infrastructure stability, yet traditional inspection methods are labor-intensive and often miss most of the subsurface defects. This study investigates Infrared Thermography (IRT) as a non-destructive, cost-effective solution for MSE wall inspections in Southeast Georgia. By capturing thermal images under various conditions, this research study has the potential to identify defects such as cracks, voids, delamination, and honeycombing, which may threaten the structural integrity of these walls. Advanced image processing techniques improve detection accuracy, enabling the development of a robust IRT-based inspection methodology. Preliminary results demonstrate IRT’s ability to detect thermal anomalies, offering transportation authorities an initiative-taking tool for further monitoring and maintenance. Funded by the Georgia Department of Transportation, this research features IRT’s potential to further develop infrastructure management, reducing failure risks and enhancing the safety and longevity of transportation assets, along with supporting its integration into routine inspection protocols.
The rapid integration of inverter-based resources, particularly solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, into conventional power grids presents significant challenges for ensuring a stable power supply. This paper drills into the comprehensive reliability analysis of three different power generation system configurations, namely, 100% traditional generation systems (i.e., oil, hydro, coal, and nuclear), 100% solar systems, and a combination of both solar and battery storage systems. The study analyzes critical reliability metrics, including loss of load expectation, loss of energy expectation, loss of load frequency, and energy not supplied across the various power generation configurations by employing the Monte Carlo simulations over 10 years. Simulation results demonstrate the limitations of the solar system as the only generation source that can meet the load demand due to its intermittent nature. However, integrating battery storage into the PV systems significantly enhances the overall system reliability as seen by the reduction in the reliability metrics. This matter asserts the potential of PV and battery storage systems to serve as sustainable and dependable systems compared with traditional generation systems.
Nasonia giraulti and N. vitripennis are two different species of the parasitoid Nasonia wasp. These two species can produce partially viable offspring when crossed in labs. In this research project, I will cross these two species to compare the number of eggs produced to the amount of viable adults. Along with the ratio comparison, I will look at how the nuclear DNA is affected in these hybrids and why some are more viable than others. This project will help me to determine genes that result in the success of Nasonia hybrids and genes that cause overall mortality in the hybrid offspring. In addition, I will be obtaining research skills that involve genetic crossing, molecular data analysis, and statistical analysis.
Despite advancements in cancer therapies and multidrug resistance, mechanisms continue to challenge existing treatments, highlighting the need for selective, effective, and affordable options. One solution to this is to target cellular pathways or transporters that are overexpressed in most cancer cells. Targeting the L-type Amino Acid Transporter 1 (LAT1) proves to be a promising approach where LAT1 mediates the uptake of essential amino acids like leucine, isoleucine, methionine, valine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, and tyrosine. Naphthoquinone and acridine cores are known for their indiscriminate cytotoxicity. Conjugating those cores with amino acids to create LAT1-compatible derivatives can enhance selectivity for cancer cells while minimizing off-target effects. This research focuses on developing naphthoquinone-tyrosine and acridine-lysine derivatives to achieve LAT1-mediated drug delivery. The presentation will cover (1) the study of pharmacokinetic properties of naphthoquinone derivatives in silico using SwissADME, and (2) the synthetic strategy for making acridine-lysine derivatives as potential LAT1 substrates.
A research team of 3 faculty and 5 undergraduate researchers, conducted a scoping review on Preservice Teachers conference attendance and its effect on professional development. In order to identify how much information is available on this topic, a scoping review was performed. According to Scheinfeld (2024), scoping reviews include 6 steps consisting of defining a clear research objective and questions that contribute to it: by using specific words and topics, finding 3 databases that are cohesive with the research topic or questions, uploading the articles that come up from different key terms into a citation management platform and use a screening tool or a review platform to review articles, extract useful information and eliminating off topic articles, and finally present findings. After searching key terms in our specific topic, we removed articles that were duplicated or not related. This helped to reduce the amount of articles to screen in our scoping review. Reflecting on this process, we discovered that each database defines key terms differently. We also noticed that working together in a group is a crucial part of this process, because it allows us to identify key terms, and discuss amongst each other on whether the terms fit the discussed topic.
Accurate differentiation between diseased and non-diseased states is vital in clinical diagnostics, with optimal cut-off points crucial for precise classification. This study introduces Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC) as a robust metric for evaluating diagnostic accuracy. Unlike traditional measures, MCC accounts for all elements of the confusion matrix—true positives, false positives, true negatives, and false negatives—providing a comprehensive assessment of classification performance. Notably, MCC remains effective in imbalanced class distributions, ensuring a balanced evaluation of true negatives and overall diagnostic reliability. Its ability to offer a more informative predictive performance measure makes it valuable for assessing diagnostic tests across varying prevalence levels. Simulation results demonstrate MCC’s superior performance, often surpassing established methods. Applying the MCC measure and cut-off point selection criterion to real-life data further validates its effectiveness in achieving balanced diagnostic accuracy. MCC frequently outperforms traditional metrics, making it a compelling tool in diagnostic test evaluation.
Most students struggle with organization, time management, and content understanding, which lead students to becoming unsuccessful in difficult classes. Our notebook eases these struggles with the integrated tools on every page of notes, along with an end of chapter review, a scale to gauge competency. Additional examples, including sidebar drawings, are distributed throughout the pages to enhance learning and prompt students to analyze their weaknesses in each chapter. A semester calendar is provided to give students a place to put all information and allow students to create a quick glance at the whole semester. Additionally, weekly calendars are provided for weekly or nonrecurring dates. Along with adding in, sidebar drawings for those who have a more artistic learning style. All of these tools in the ORGOnize notebook are designed to give students a newfound confidence in organic chemistry and to believe that success is right around the corner.
By situating motherhood within the framework of Latinx parental involvement and employing Testimonio as a Critical Race Feminist Methodology (Delgado-Bernal et al., 2018), I examine Hoover-Dempsey & Sandler’s Model (1995) of Parental Involvement. This cross-cultural study (He, 2003) theorizes three Latinx testimonios to delve into the experiences of Latinx mothers and their participation in their children’s educational trajectories to successfully support, nurture, inspire, and empower their children’s educational goals. The conclusions highlight the significance of recognizing Latinx mothers’ cultural involvement and the bicultural understandings and challenges.
Head louse pediculosis is a widespread public health issue, particularly among school-aged children. This study examines parental knowledge and practices related to louse infestation in Southeast Georgia. A self-administered survey of 201 parents assessed demographic factors, knowledge levels, and behaviors related to head lice. Most parents (94%) resided in Coffee County, with long-term residents demonstrating greater awareness. However, knowledge gaps existed, particularly among highly educated professionals. Socioeconomic and demographic factors appear to influence behaviors, with lower-income and recently moved families more frequently experiencing louse infestation. More respondents from households with shared living spaces, communal activity participation, and reliance on word of mouth for information reported exposure to lice. While over-the-counter treatments were most common, homemade remedies were used by lower-income families. These findings underscore the need for targeted public health interventions to close knowledge gaps, reduce stigma, and promote effective louse prevention and treatment strategies tailored to diverse communities.
Burning candles can emit varying concentrations of particulate matter depending on their material composition, which can lead to negative respiratory and neurological health outcomes. In this context, the current study aims to measure particles of 0.3-10µm aerodynamic sizes.
Methods: Candles were burned for one hour in an enclosed and unventilated room (12.24 m²). Surrounding airborne concentrations of selected particles were measured using a CEM DT-9881 particle monitor at distances of 0, 1, and 2 meters. Measurements were repeated twice for 1-minute durations at 15, 35, and 55 minutes. The concentration values were adjusted with background levels.
Results: The means ±SD of microparticle concentrations (numbers/2.83L) across all distances were: (a) 15-minute: natural 14,220±1,391; artificial: 56,368±1,960; (b) 35-minute: natural: 12,399±1,311; artificial: 89,599±8,320; (c) 55-minute: natural: 11,427±2,661; artificial: 70,666±1,622.
Conclusions: Preliminary results indicate that synthetic candles produce significantly more particles of 0.3-10µm sizes, approximately 567% more, than natural candles.
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) poses environmental challenges due to its low decomposition rates and inefficient recycling methods. PET, commonly found as a leading material in most plastic bottles, has inadequate recycling methods to the comparative consumption levels. Protic Ionic Liquids (PILs), formed from Brønsted acid-base pairs are considered designer sustainable solvents, offering tunable properties, low volatility, and high thermal stability, enabling efficient PET dissolution in comparative mild conditions. Optimized time, temperature, W/V%, catalyst recyclability, and BHET yield parameters demonstrated enhanced PET recovery and PIL recyclability. H NMR spectrum of PILs, Mass Spectrophotometry, and FT-IR provide the presence of a proton transfer between the comparative catalyst of PILs. Microwave heating on PET glycolysis enhanced the complete degradation of PET and BHET yield through direct hydrolysis. This approach highlights the methodology potential of PILs in advancing sustainable PET recycling and reducing plastic waste.
Welding is widely used in industries like automotive, aerospace, and construction, particularly in bridges due to its strength and cost-effectiveness. However, defects such as porosity, cracks, and lack of fusion can compromise structural integrity. Historical failures, like the I-40 bridge crack and Seongsu Bridge collapse, highlight the critical need for defect detection and classification. The AWS D1.5 bridge welding code provides guidelines for identifying acceptable and rejectable defects, ensuring structural safety. Among non-destructive testing (NDT) methods, Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing (PAUT) is the most advanced, offering precise defect detection using Sectorial Scan and Total Focusing Method (TFM). This study evaluates PAUT’s effectiveness in detecting and characterizing welding defects in bridge structures based on AWS D1.5. The findings show that PAUT enhances defect detection sensitivity, reduces rework, and improves safety, making it a crucial tool for structural health monitoring in modern bridge construction.
Graduate Research Assistant, Allen E. Paulson College of Engineering and Computing
I am a Mechanical Engineer and Certified SolidWorks Professional specializing in Mold Making, Advanced Surface Design, Mechanical Design, and Sheet Metal applications. Currently, I am pursuing my Master’s in Advanced Engineering within the Manufacturing Engineering Department at... Read More →
Metal additive manufacturing techniques opened the door for rapid prototyping and on-demand manufacturing while improving supply chain resiliency through decentralizing Manufacturing. However, uncertainties in operating conditions and machine reliability can limit these advantages by increasing lead times and degrading the mechanical properties of fabricated components. Specifically, process interruptions influence the melting-solidification cycles during layer evolution, leading to microstructural changes and variations in Mechanical characteristics of 3D-printed metal parts. These interruptions can compromise structural integrity, resulting in the formation of defects that weaken the mechanical strength of the final component. Accurately assessing these flaws is critical to ensuring part reliability. There are a variety of techniques which can remove or reduce the amount or size of flaws. Post- processing methods, such as Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) and other heat-treatment techniques, enhance the mechanical properties and structural integrity of AM parts. The choice of post-processing approach depends on the intended application and the material properties of the printed component. Since variations typically occur at the layer level, it is essential to analyze mechanical properties in a manner that effectively identifies and quantifies these deviations, guiding appropriate post-processing decisions. Hence, this study investigates the effects of process interruption on the mechanical properties of the metal 3D printed parts for stainless steel parts with and without post-processing. To evaluate these effects, various stainless steel 316L parts are fabricated using powder-bed fusion-based selective laser melting(SLM), manufactured under various process parameter conditions The printed samples undergo sectioning, mounting, and polishing to achieve a mirror-like surface finish, allowing for a detailed investigation of their micro-mechanical characteristics. Nano-indentation testing is employed to measure key mechanical properties, including elasticity and hardness, in a matrix grid format across the interruption-affected regions.
To evaluate the effectiveness of post-processing, a subset of the samples undergoes heat treatment in a vacuum furnace, and their micro-mechanical properties are reassessed. A statistical analysis is conducted to examine variations within the heat-treated samples and compare them to their as-built counterparts. Additionally, machine learning techniques are integrated into the analysis to predict mechanical property variations based on processing conditions, enabling data-driven insights for optimizing AM parameters and post-processing strategies. Results demonstrate that process interruptions impact mechanical properties; however, post-processing treatments significantly mitigate these variations. Furthermore, predictive modeling using machine learning provides a powerful tool for anticipating mechanical performance, ultimately improving the reliability and consistency of metal AM components.
The synthesis of novel tris-indole amines and their characterizations will be discussed. These compounds have been prepared in our laboratory to be tested for anticancer activity.
This presentation explores the learning experiences of preservice teachers as they observed and took field notes during a mathematics workshop for parents of K-2 students. The workshop focused on mathematical concepts like place value, addition, and subtraction. Preservice teachers observed as parents engaged in a hands-on learning experience which challenged the PSTs to translate mathematical pedagogical strategies for parent audiences. Using their field notes, the research team critically reflected on our experience to revise the workshop and create additional support. We share those revisions in this poster and our findings.
Frequently, multiple material properties such as extreme corrosion resistance and high strength are necessary within the same component but may not be feasible with a single material. Due to the strong correlations between material selection and the difficulty of manufacturing with component cost, expensive material use must be limited. It can be highly beneficial to manufacture a component which uses specialty steel grades only where necessary, and utilizes more affordable, commonly available steels for bulk structural support. A functionally graded structure is fabricated using pulsed wire arc additive manufacturing to showcase the capabilities of such a material. This is accomplished by layering high strength low alloy steel (HSLA-100) on top of duplex stainless steel (ER2209). The resultant morphology is investigated, and characterization of the functionally graded material is performed. Mechanical testing coupled with DIC allows for elucidation of mechanical properties and visualization of stress concentrations at the functionally graded interface.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are toxic and persistent environmental pollutants with significant carcinogenic and mutagenic risks. These contaminants accumulate in soil, water, and air due to industrial emissions, vehicle exhaust, and combustion processes, necessitating efficient extraction and quantification techniques. Deep eutectic solvents (DES), a class of green and biodegradable solvents, have emerged as promising extractive materials for PAH analysis due to their low toxicity, tunable physicochemical properties, and high extraction efficiency. In this study, hydrophobic DES are employed as extractive media for the preconcentration of PAHs through a microliquid-liquid extraction procedure. The extracted PAHs are subsequently analyzed using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), which offers high sensitivity by leveraging the hydrophobicity of the DES to effectively separate and concentrate the PAHs. The optimization of extraction conditions, including DES composition, extraction efficiency, and chromatographic parameters, will be investigated to improve recovery rates and detection limits. This methodology provides a sustainable and efficient approach for PAH monitoring in environmental samples, contributing to the advancement of green analytical techniques for contamination assessment.
Mitochondria are well known for housing the oxidative phosphorylation pathway, a complex structure essential for ATP production. Mitochondrial malfunction can result from versions of OXPHOS protein complexes that consist of incompatible nuclear and mitochondrial DNA. In this ongoing study, we aim to determine the manifestations of genetic incompatibilities on the physiological output of mitochondria. We utilize Nasonia spp. crosses, all containing varying combinations of nuclear alleles and mtDNA, to measure ATP in F2 hybrids. An introgression strain will be used to repair allelic incompatibilities at a locus housing genes involved with OXPHOS pathway protein complexes. Mitochondria will be isolated via homogenization in an isolation buffer from 100 Nasonia larvae of various allelic combinations and subsequently quantified using a luminescent cell viability assay. We expect that hybrids crossed with the introgression strain will have increased ATP production compared to non-introgression strains, indicating that resolving genetic incompatibilities recovers physiological activity of mitochondria.
Much of the world still relies on fossil fuels for energy and transportation, particularly in aviation, where petroleum-based kerosene fuels dominate. The aviation industry is a major contributor to carbon emissions, driving efforts to develop Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAFs) as cleaner alternatives.One such SAF is Fischer-Tropsch (FT) Gas-to-Liquid (GTL) S8 synthetic kerosene, a highly refined paraffinic fuel derived from natural gas. Produced through the Fischer-Tropsch process, S8 contains near-zero sulfur and aromatics, offering the potential for lower emissions than Jet-A. Autoignition characteristics were analyzed in a Constant Volume Combustion Chamber (CVCC), revealing that S8 had a 21.2% higher Derived Cetane Number (DCN) at 59.96. Ignition delay and combustion delay were shorter than Jet-A, while Low Temperature Heat Release (LTHR) energy was comparable. These findings demonstrate S8’s potential as a cleaner aviation fuel, offering reduced environmental impact without sacrificing engine performance.
Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) play a crucial role in computer network security by identifying malicious activities and potential cyber attacks. In the past, traditional machine learning methods have been widely used for intrusion detection; however, there are challenges in adapting to new and emerging attack types. This thesis combines machine learning and cybersecurity by applying Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) in intrusion detection using the NSL-KDD dataset. We design and implement an DRL-based framework in which an agent learns to classify network traffic by interacting with an environment and receives rewards based on detection accuracy. We also look at the importance of feature selection and classification techniques and how effective they are in improving detection performance, reducing computational complexity, and enhancing model interpretability. This study highlights the potential of reinforcement learning as a cutting-edge approach to improve modern intrusion detection systems.
This research is about creating bioplastics using oils and materials that are readily available in the environment. Materials like sand and fibers were added to increase the strength of the resin. This is important because successful research such as this would allow for materials to be created with limited resources, without contributing carbon emissions. In preliminary trials the resins were composed of 50% Tung oil, 30% Butyl Methacrylate, 20% Divinylbenzene, and 5% di-tert butyl peroxide. The materials were thoroughly mixed and placed in the oven at 125 ˚C for 18 hours to harden. Varying amounts and sizes of Southern Pines (fibers) and sand reinforcements were added and tested to determine the durability of the resulting composites. In conclusion, the addition of sand and fiber make the resin stronger. The 425 µm size of fibers and the ways of mixing the solution affect the structure of the resin, once dried.
Research indicates that minority stress is related to negative outcomes in sexual or gender minority (SGM) and racial and ethnic minority (REM) individuals. Little research has examined the role of religion as a protective or risk factor for negative mental health outcomes at the intersection of these populations. The current study will examine the intersection between religious, REM, and SGM statuses. Participants will be recruited and answer surveys assessing anxiety, prosocial behaviors, and quality of life through online software. We expect that individuals who identify as REM and SGM will experience elevated feelings of anxiety and lower quality of life, with prosocial behaviors increasing towards in-group members and remaining constant towards out-group members. We expect monotheistic religion to further these outcomes. Findings will assist in understanding the impact of intersecting identities and will help to understand how religion is related to negative mental health outcomes at this intersection.
In order to comprehend mid-ocean ridge processes, this study aim to describe the lithology, mineralogy, and duration of hydrothermal alteration in Reykjanes Ridge basalts. This aligns with Expeditions 395/395C of the International Ocean Discovery Program, where basalt cores are recovered from Sites U1555, U1563, and U1564 along a transect that went from west to east along the face of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Sites U1555(2.8 Ma), U1563(5.2 Ma), and U1564(32.4 Ma) offer a historical context for hydrothermal alteration. Their geological settings which involve the anomaly site (U1564), V-shaped ridges(U1563), and V-shaped troughs(U1555) to provide investigation on the magnetic alterations. In order to correlate magnetic properties, crustal ages, and alteration processes, we study the magnetic properties of the basalts. However, examining changes in the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility will give understanding about the thermal history and alteration of seafloor basalt which will provide insight into the genesis of the North-Atlantic Ocean.
Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is the most frequently reported tick-borne disease in Georgia; however, Rickettsia rickettsii, its etiologic agent, is rarely found in ticks. In contrast, Rickettsia amblyommatis and R. parkeri are often detected in Georgia. This study examined whether sera from healthy Georgian individuals test positive by diagnostic tests used for RMSF surveillance. Indirect microimmunofluorescence assay (IFA) was utilized to test 113 sera for IgG-type antibodies reacting with R. rickettsii and R. amblyommatis antigens. Seventy-eight sera with IFA titer > 256 were then examined by western blotting (WB). 102 and 103 sera tested IFA-positive with R. rickettsii and R. amblyommatis antigens, respectively. By WB, 18 sera reacted only with Rickettsia surface protein antigens (SPA), 57 reacted with SPA, lipopolysaccharide, and/or other Rickettsia antigens, while 3 had non-specific reactivity. Preliminary WB cross-absorption indicated that R. amblyommatis was the source of exposure. Georgia residents are commonly exposed to tick-borne rickettsiae.
The rapid evolution of cyber warfare presents serious global security threats, highlighting the urgent need for conventions to guide its conduct. Unlike traditional warfare, cyber conflicts can cross borders instantly, jeopardizing civilian infrastructure, economic stability, and national security. Clear conventions could establish accountability, set rules of engagement, and prevent indiscriminate attacks, ensuring responses are proportional. These frameworks would also promote international cooperation in addressing and mitigating threats, reducing the risk of escalation and unintended consequences. Additionally, guidelines could safeguard critical infrastructure and protect civilian data, fostering a more secure cyberspace. Ultimately, the establishment of conventions for cyber warfare is essential to preserving global peace and stability in the digital age. By aligning these frameworks with established principles of international law, we can ensure that the rapidly advancing cyber domain is governed in a way that upholds fairness, security, and the protection of human rights.
Air pollution, both indoor and outdoor, poses significant health risks, especially for young children in daycare centers. Children playing indoors and outdoor playgrounds also release particulate matter, including submicron nanoparticles. This study compares nanoparticle concentrations in indoor daycare environments and outdoor air using a Nanoscan nanoparticle monitor. Geometric mean (GM) and geometric standard deviation (GSD) were used to better characterize exposure patterns. Measurements taken at 12:30 PM in the indoor lobby area of a daycare center at GSU showed a GM of 1.22E+03 and a GSD of 1.38 total nanoparticles per cubic centimeter of air, while outdoor measurements from the children’s playground at 4:50 PM recorded a GM of 1.76E+03 and a GSD of 1.21 total nanoparticles per cubic centimeter of air, both taken on the same day. Results indicate that nanoparticle concentrations are consistently higher outdoors than indoors, with greater variability in outdoor air quality due to childcare activities.
This project investigates how incorporating principles of Public Administration (PA) into Human Resource Management (HRM) can enhance organizational performance. By examining HR practices in both public and private sectors, the study aims to propose a strategic framework that leverages the strengths of both disciplines. This framework is expected to improve efficiency, employee satisfaction, and overall effectiveness in organizations.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate factors that impact malnutrition, particularly stunting and wasting, among preschool children in rural Honduras. Previous research shows high rates of single micronutrient deficiencies in Honduran children, such as vitamin A and iron, which can lead to growth stunting (Rachel et al, 2000). Children under five are particularly vulnerable due to their developing immune systems and the higher risk of dehydration from diarrheal illnesses (Ortiz-Quintero et al., 2024). Our research study consisted of secondary analyses of data collected in Spring 2021 in rural Honduras. Data from 402 Honduran children (200 male and 202 female) were gathered. The majority of the children lived in rural areas (89.5%), though most families do not have a home garden (65.8%). In addition, most children faced food insecurity (74.0%). These factors emphasize the importance of community nutrition among rural children.
The fashion industry plays a crucial role in sustainability, as material composition and shipping distance impact the environment, while pricing shapes consumer choices. This study explores the differences in fabric content, environmental impact, and cost between clothing from local boutiques and large discount stores. It is hypothesized that boutiques will offer higher-quality, more sustainable garments, whereas discount retailers are more likely to rely on synthetic fabrics and less eco-friendly production methods. Using a quantitative sustainability scale, this research assesses fabric composition, shipping distance, and price to highlight the environmental impact of different shopping choices. The findings will equip consumers, particularly college students, with valuable insights for making more sustainable fashion decisions.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, accounting for 1 in 8 female cancers, necessitating the search for novel therapeutic agents. Pyridazines derivatives exhibit anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, and anti-fungal properties towards biological and agricultural applications. This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of these compounds, followed by an investigation of their biological properties relevant to breast cancer treatment. Previous studies show that these derivatives exhibit promising interactions with key cellular targets involved in cancer progression. The multi-component synthesis of pyridazines derivatives can be achieved using ionic liquids, which provides a grenner alternative to traditional solvents in organic synthesis.
TU-100 (14-methyl-5H-5,12-epiminobenzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2-b]naphthalene-6,11,13(12H)-trione) demonstrates remarkable chemotherapeutic capabilities. It acts through a unique mechanism that induces cell death to generate cytotoxicity and simultaneously inhibits both topoisomerase I and II. Its effectiveness can be compared to that of established chemotherapeutic agents like Daunorubicin, while also acting more rapidly. These unique features of TU100 have spurred efforts to develop structurally analogous compounds in pursuit of even more potent bioactive alternatives. TU100 was synthesized by a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction with 4-hydroxy-N-methylisquinolium iodide and 1,4-naphthoquinone. The analog synthesis will incorporate quinoxaline or its derivatives that have already demonstrated promising chemotherapeutic effects. Synthesizing the hetero naphthoquinones requires a multi-step synthetic process, so quinoxaline/ derivatives intermediates will be prepared first, then the intermediates will be reacted with 4-hydroxy-N-methylisoquinolinum iodide to yield the TU100 analogs. The TU100 analogs will undergo anti-cancer bioassays, with their bioactivity compared to that of TU100.
Bisindoles are biologically important class of compounds as compared to their corresponding monomeric units. In addition, the synthesis of bisindoles are far more challenging than the synthesis of monomeric indole alkaloids. In this work, we describe an efficient synthesis of bisindole sulfanes starting from common laboratory reagent iodine and green solvent such as DMSO.
Metformin Hydrochloride ([MTF][HCl]) is a hydrophilic biguanide compound, typically prescribed to patients diagnosed with type (II) diabetes mellitus or prediabetes. The hydrophilic nature of [MTF][HCl] causes the in vivo mechanistic action to breakdown at a fast rate and lowers the effective biological availability within the blood-based glucose interactive system. Thus, increasing the drugs’ ability to have an extended and prolonged release through an oral capacity is essential. This study utilizes metformin HCl alongside six hydrophobic anions to synthesize uniform materials based on organic salts (GUMBOS). Employing chitosan and alginate as principal biopolymers and novel GUMBOS, a proposed system to create MTF-based GUMBOS complexed within chitosan-alginate patches through a gelation process will allow for an extended and increased integration of metformin transdermally. This will allow for an optimization of the drug encapsulated patches and assess the increased capacity for drug delivery through an in vitro system.
wr04624@georgiasouthern.edu, Honors College, College of Science and Mathematics
William Russell is a pre-health biochemistry student from Columbus, Georgia, with a passion for exploring sustainable and novel applications in medicinal therapeutics. His research focuses on innovative approaches to drug delivery and repurposing, with an emphasis on developing environmentally... Read More →
TU100 is a naphthoquinone adduct from a 3+2 cycloaddition reaction between N-methyl-4-hydroxylisoquinolinium and 1,4-napthoquinone, following the method established by DiCesare et al. Current research focuses on synthesizing TU100 analogs. The reaction between quinones and N-methylhydroxylisoquinolinium iodides were attempted to produce novel compounds. After extraction, flash column chromatography was employed to separate the product from remaining starting materials, followed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to assess purity. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was frequently used to monitor reaction progress. Expanding the library of TU100 analogs is crucial in getting an analog with optimized biological activity and enhanced potential as chemotherapeutic agents.
This testimonio research, a methodological, strength-based approach, explores the dynamics of pedagogies of home (Delgado-Bernal, 2001). It analyzes the experiences, communication, and practices of ten immigrant Latinx mothers in fostering their children’s educational success. This project highlights the pivotal role of the “curriculum of the home” (Schubert, 1982) as essential for understanding educational phenomena within their contexts. Positioned within the field of Curriculum Studies in Education, it recognizes the informal, culturally based curriculum of the home as a foundational component of educational experiences.
In South Atlantic fishing communities, women have emerged as a cooperative voice, unifying previously disconnected industry elements. Fishing is stereotypically viewed as male-dominated, but research suggests women participate in land-based post-processing, management, and finances. These shore-based roles allow for strong familial and community ties where multi-generational groups cooperate for industry sustainability. This project analyzes the oral history and qualitative data describing a fishing industry supported by women as wives, kinsfolk, dock managers, fishers, and crew. Data suggest that familial and financial motivations might initially pull women into the industry, but community tipping points further drive female-led bridge-building within fishing communities.
Air purifiers are frequently employed to reduce indoor air pollutants; however, the effectiveness of these devices in decreasing airborne particulate matter (PM) remains underexplored. This study's aim was to assess the impact of an air purifier on PM reduction in a typical indoor home setting.
Methods: A commercially available air purifier equipped with a prefilter filtering PM and an activated carbon filter neutralizing gases was tested. PM number (0.3-10µm) and mass concentrations were monitored by CEM DT-9881 and DustTrak DRX monitors before and after 15 min air purification.
Results: The total particle number concentrations decreased from 152770 ± 8023179 /m³ to 7435.33 ± 2133.43 /m³. Total mean (±SD) PM mass concentrations decreased from 0.03033 ± 0.01864 mg/m³ to 0.01267 ± 0.01138 mg/m³. The most effective reduction was observed for particles of 0.3 µm sizes. A Student's t-test conducted on the mass concentrations (using VassarStats) demonstrated a statistically significant difference between the two samples (p = 0.02933).
Conclusion: The preliminary results demonstrate that air purifiers are effective at different levels for particles of different sizes in reducing their concentrations in a typical indoor setting.
In the United States only 60% of children live with their married biological parents as of 2022 (Anderson, 2014; Hemez, 2024). There is evidence that experiencing a parental divorce may have negative effects on the child that last into adulthood (Wolchik et al. 2021). Across approximately 30 studies, adult children of divorce have generally more negative outcomes than adult children from intact families. The Amato (2014) study found that adult children of divorce tend to have a higher risk for lower income, less education, more non-marital birth rates, and poorer health. The goal of this review is to look at the literature regarding how experiencing different family structures such as single parenthood, divorce, step families, etc. might have lasting effects into young adulthood and how it affects the overall well-being as well as educational attainment.
Individuals emotionally regulate daily through a variety of means, some healthy and some not. It is important to find accessible means of managing emotions which promote a healthier lifestyle. As an art form, music is widely available and heavily associated with emotions, as different works evoke particular feelings. Anecdotally, individuals use music to de-stress or relax, but how effective is music for emotion regulation, and does usage of music lead to more positive outcomes? Results from 15 studies indicate individual variance, but commonalities include age, disposition, and familiarity as predictive factors. Furthermore, strategy is an important predictor of well-being, with reappraisal proving more effective than suppression, especially when paired with music (Chin & Rickard, 2013). Current gaps include what emotions individuals choose to regulate with music, and when it is most effective. This review will cover the ways music can be used to emotionally regulate and how effective it can be.
Efforts to make suicide prevention more effective for service members are ongoing, with military chaplains often serving as the first line of care (Lee-Tauler et al., 2023). Service members who hesitate to seek mental health care may be more comfortable confiding in chaplains, who provide a nonjudgmental space without reporting concerns through the chain of command. This literature review explores how military chaplains influence service members’ self-awareness and meaning-making using a symbolic interactionist perspective, emphasizing how people reshape their identities through social interactions (Cockerham, 2021). Findings indicate that trained chaplains can help service members develop healthier coping mechanisms, showing the critical role of chaplains and community support in suicide prevention.
References Cockerham, W. (2021). Sociology of Mental Disorder, 11th edition. Routledge. Lee-Tauler, S. Y., Grammar, J., LaCroix, J., Walsh, A. K., Clark, S. E., Holloway, K. J., Sundararaman, R., Carter, K. M., Crouterfield, B., Hazlett, G. R., Hess, R. M., Miyahara, J. M., Varsogea, C. E., Whalen, C., & Ghahramanlou-Holloway, M. (2023). Pilot evaluation of the online ‘chaplains-care’ program: Enhancing skills for United States Military suicide intervention practices and care. Journal of Religion and Health, 62, 3856 - 3873. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-023-01882-9
Forecasting is essential for predicting trends and supporting public health decisions. This study applies the Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model to analyze and forecast Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) prevalence using monthly data (2010–2021) from Jibril Mai-Gwari I Memorial Hospital, Birnin Gwari, Nigeria. Among eight models, ARIMA(0,1,2)(0,0,1)₁₂ was the best fit based on the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Mean Squared Error (MSE), and Log-Likelihood. Residual diagnostics confirmed model adequacy, with normally distributed residuals (Shapiro-Wilk test, p = 0.5239) and no significant autocorrelations (Ljung-Box test). The forecast suggests a decline in HIV prevalence, highlighting ARIMA's effectiveness in capturing epidemiological trends and informing public health interventions. This study is conducted in collaboration with Dr. Okeniyi, O.M., Department of Statistics, Federal Polytechnic Offa, Kwara State, Nigeria.
do05368@georgiasouthern.edu, College of Science and Mathematics
My name is Daniel Olofin, and I am currently pursuing a Master’s degree in Statistics at Georgia Southern University. I am passionate about applying statistical and computational methods to solve real-world problems in healthcare, clinical research, and drug development. With a... Read More →
In Georgia, the 2013 National Tobacco Control Strategy, five-year Action Plan, and 2017 law amendments laid the groundwork for a comprehensive tobacco control package implemented in May 2018. This study examined adolescent past-month tobacco and nicotine use before and after the policy changes.
Methods: The observational study was based on data from 2014, 2017, and 2023 Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS).
Results: The proportion of teenagers not using tobacco increased from 84.7% (2014) to 86.8% (2023). While cigarette-only use declined significantly (5.1% to 1.2%), e-cigarette use peaked in 2017 (6.4%) before declining (5.2% in 2023). Poly-use decreased (5.5% to 3.5%), and pro-tobacco exposure significantly decreased (1.26 to 0.50).
Conclusion: Legislative measures of 2018 appear to have a positive public health impact in terms of denormalizing and reducing the use of tobacco products assessed with GYTS, though e-cigarette use remains a concern.
Anxiety is one of the most common mental health conditions in the U.S., affecting about 40 million adults each year (Cockerham, 2021). Women are more likely than men to be diagnosed with an anxiety disorder and often experience comorbid conditions that worsen symptoms. Since health is influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors, this literature review is framed by the biopsychosocial model (Engel, 1977). Women often feel more anxious because of social expectations to control their emotions, take care of relationships, and stay safe. On top of that, women from minoritized groups may face extra stress due to racial discrimination. Mental health providers should focus on how U.S. society and culture affect mental health and need to consider gender inequality, which increases women’s risk of anxiety (Farhane-Medina et al., 2022).
We review and compare the electromagnetism principles underlying two major biosensing techniques based on distinct optical phenomena: Attenuated Total Reflection and Surface Plasmon Resonance. We explore how these spectroscopic methods enable biosensing applications, such as identifying biomolecules in blood. Additionally, we discuss how future research into other spectroscopic techniques utilizing evanescent waves can further advance biosensing capabilities.
Large components are inherently complex and expensive to cast using traditional methodologies. Using wire arc additive manufacturing, large format components can frequently be produced more economically and within a shorter time frame. These components frequently exhibit less porosity, and can have qualities that are desirable relative to casting. It is not uncommon for austenitic stainless steels to be utilized in large industrial castings. For this reason, a 316L stainless steel structure is producing using this technology, and its strength, porosity, and microstructure is characterized for industrial use.
WRAPS aims to increase the interest and participation of undergraduate students in writing peer-reviewed research articles by making the process easier. This can be achieved by helping students develop confidence, exposure, and proficiency in writing peer-reviewed scientific papers. WRAPS will also enhance the broader skills (time management, discipline, self-awareness, communication, teamwork, and adaptability) necessary for academic and professional success. To achieve this goal, this workbook is designed as a 15-week (one semester) process, where students are introduced to weekly worksheets that help them ease into the writing process. This project will help you understand the pathway taken to achieve the final product in the form of a workbook and share the data obtained during the process.
