Anxiety is one of the most common mental health conditions in the U.S., affecting about 40 million adults each year (Cockerham, 2021). Women are more likely than men to be diagnosed with an anxiety disorder and often experience comorbid conditions that worsen symptoms. Since health is influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors, this literature review is framed by the biopsychosocial model (Engel, 1977). Women often feel more anxious because of social expectations to control their emotions, take care of relationships, and stay safe. On top of that, women from minoritized groups may face extra stress due to racial discrimination. Mental health providers should focus on how U.S. society and culture affect mental health and need to consider gender inequality, which increases women’s risk of anxiety (Farhane-Medina et al., 2022).
