Pediatric spinal dysraphism is a congenital condition that results from the neural tube failing to fuse correctly, resulting in spinal deformation and other anomalies including spina bifida, meningocele, and myelomeningocele. This condition is uncommon, occurring in about 1 in 1,000 live births, and is most often diagnosed in newborns or infants. Diagnostic imaging modalities such as ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are commonly employed to assist in the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric spinal dysraphism. Ultrasound is a popular technique for its lack of ionizing radiation and its effectiveness in early diagnosis. Ultrasound is also considered the most accessible imaging modality. MRI is renowned for its ability to produce high-resolution images of the spinal cord, allowing easy identification of spinal inconsistencies or pathology. Many professionals in the field of radiologic sciences have claimed these modalities to be complementary to each other, each one having its advantages to contribute to diagnostic accuracy and efficacy. However, some studies still strive to reinforce the use of ultrasonic technology as the gold standard. The purpose of this comparative research analysis is to determine and assess the correlations, advantages, and disadvantages of different imaging modalities to determine which technique offers superior diagnostic accuracy and efficacy for the early detection, diagnosis, and management of pediatric spinal dysraphism. By establishing a standardized diagnostic approach that maximizes the advantages of both modalities, professionals will be better equipped to enhance clinical decision-making and improve patient outcomes in this at-risk population.This collaborative effort ensures accuracy and efficiency in early detection, assists with a time-based course of action, and improves foreseeable outcomes for children with this condition. The established goals for future collaboration and continued research include advancing diagnostic technology, improving imaging protocols and standards, and making continuous advancements in interdisciplinary integration and pediatric care standards.
