Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common thyroid carcinoma. Its appearance differs depending on the variant present and the imaging modality utilized. The multiple modalities to diagnose and treat PTC, include computed tomography (CT), ultrasound (US), and nuclear medicine. A combination of imaging modalities is often used throughout the course of evaluation, treatment, and management. Ultrasound and CT are often used to aid in the diagnosis of PTC, while nuclear medicine, thermal ablation, and surgical resection are forms of treatment. Due to the many possible pathways for the combined diagnosis and treatment of PTC, additional research is required to determine the most effective imaging modality or combination of imaging modalities for PTC cases. Optimal treatment plans for different variants of PTC after initial diagnosis is another area in need of further exploration.
